Substitutions

Substitutions:

Need:                                Use:

Arrowroot                          ¾ tsp cornstarch or
(thickener) 1 tsp                   1 ½ tsp flour

Buttermilk, 1 cup                 1 cup plain yogurt

Baking Powder, 1 tsp           ¼ tsp baking soda +
                                             5/8 tsp cream of tarter

Cake Flour, 1 cup                7/8 cup sifted all-purpose flour

Chocolate,                          6 tbsp cocoa powder + 7 tbsp
  semisweet, 6 oz                   white sugar + ¼ cup shortening

Chocolate,                          3 tbsp cocoa powder +
  unsweetened, 1 oz              1 tbsp butter

Cornstarch, 1 tsp                 2 tsp flour

Corn Syrup, light                 1 ¼ cup white sugar +
  1 cup                                    ¼ cup water

Corn Syrup, dark                 1 ¼ cup brown sugar +
  1 cup                                    ¼ cup water

Cream, half-and half,             1 ½ tbsp butter + about
  1 cup                                     ¾ cup milk

Cream, sour, 1 cup                1 cup yogurt

Cream, heavy, 1 cup              1/3 cup butter + about ¾ cup milk

Flour, all-purpose,                 cake flour, 1 cup + 2 tbsp
  1 cup

Honey, 1 cup                         1 ¼ cup sugar + ¼ cup water

Lemon juice, 1 tbsp                ½ tbsp vinegar

Milk, whole, 1 cup                  1 cup water + 1 ½ tbsp butter
　
Molasses, 1 cup                     ½ cup honey or 1 ¼ cup
                                                brown sugar, melted

Vanilla Bean, 1 bean               1 tsp vanilla extract


Make self rising flour from all purpose flour by adding 1 1/2 tsp baking powder and 1/2 tsp salt to each cup.